24.SpringBoot学习笔记–SpringBoot默认配置
日志级别
Spring Boot 默认配置好了日志，日志的级别从低到高为 trace < debug < info < warn < error
在测试类中编写以下代码：
package demo.yangxu.springboot;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
@SpringBootTest
class Springboot03LoggingApplicationTests {
//记录器
Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
@Test
void contextLoads() {
logger.trace("这是trace日志...");
logger.debug("这是debug日志...");
logger.info("这是info日志...");
logger.warn("这是warn日志...");
logger.error("这是error日志...");
}
}
在控制台中输出的结果为：
这是info日志...
这是warn日志...
这是error日志...
由此可知，Spring Boot 默认配置的是 info 级别，没有指定级别就用 Spring Boot 默认规定的级别：root 级别。可以调整输出的日志级别，会输出大于等于设置级别的日志。
通过查看 spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar!\org\springframework\boot\logging\logback\base.xml 文件
<included>
<include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/defaults.xml" />
<property name="LOG_FILE" value="${LOG_FILE:-${LOG_PATH:-${LOG_TEMP:-${java.io.tmpdir:-/tmp}}}/spring.log}"/>
<include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/console-appender.xml" />
<include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/file-appender.xml" />
<root level="INFO">
<appender-ref ref="CONSOLE" />
<appender-ref ref="FILE" />
</root>
</included>
也可得知 Spring Boot 默认配置的是 info 级别。
配置日志
在 application.properties 中可以对日志进行相关的配置。
#调整指定包的日志级别
logging.level.demo.yangxu=trace
#在当前项目目录下生成springboot.log
logging.file.name=springboot.log
#指定完整路径和名字
logging.file.name=D:/springboot.log
#在当前项目目录下生成spring.log
logging.file.path=./
#在当前项目所在磁盘的 /spring/log 目录下生成spring.log
logging.file.path=/spring/log
#配置控制台输出的日志的格式
logging.pattern.console=%d{yyyy-MM-dd} [%thread] %-5level %logger{50} - %msg%n
#配置指定文件中日志输出的格式
logging.pattern.file=%d{yyyy-MM-dd} === [%thread] === %-5level === %logger{50} ==== %msg%n
logging.file.name 和 logging.file.path 都指定的话，只有 logging.file.name 起作用。一般是指定 logging.file.path。
logging.file.name 和 logging.file.path 对比：
logging.file.name |
logging.file.path |
Example | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| (none) | (none) | Console only logging. | |
| Specific file | (none) | my.log |
Writes to the specified log file. Names can be an exact location or relative to the current directory. |
| (none) | Specific directory | /var/log |
Writes spring.log to the specified directory. Names can be an exact location or relative to the current directory. |
日志输出格式：
日志输出格式：
%d表示日期时间，
%thread表示线程名，
%-5level：级别从左显示5个字符宽度
%logger{50} 表示logger名字最长50个字符，否则按照句点分割。
%msg：日志消息，
%n是换行符
例如
%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{50} - %msg%n
通过查看 spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar!\org\springframework\boot\logging\logback\defaults.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
Default logback configuration provided for import
-->
<included>
<conversionRule conversionWord="clr" converterClass="org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.ColorConverter" />
<conversionRule conversionWord="wex" converterClass="org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.WhitespaceThrowableProxyConverter" />
<conversionRule conversionWord="wEx" converterClass="org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.ExtendedWhitespaceThrowableProxyConverter" />
<property name="CONSOLE_LOG_PATTERN" value="${CONSOLE_LOG_PATTERN:-%clr(%d{${LOG_DATEFORMAT_PATTERN:-yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}}){faint} %clr(${LOG_LEVEL_PATTERN:-%5p}) %clr(${PID:- }){magenta} %clr(---){faint} %clr([%15.15t]){faint} %clr(%-40.40logger{39}){cyan} %clr(:){faint} %m%n${LOG_EXCEPTION_CONVERSION_WORD:-%wEx}}"/>
<property name="FILE_LOG_PATTERN" value="${FILE_LOG_PATTERN:-%d{${LOG_DATEFORMAT_PATTERN:-yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}} ${LOG_LEVEL_PATTERN:-%5p} ${PID:- } --- [%t] %-40.40logger{39} : %m%n${LOG_EXCEPTION_CONVERSION_WORD:-%wEx}}"/>
<logger name="org.apache.catalina.startup.DigesterFactory" level="ERROR"/>
<logger name="org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase" level="ERROR"/>
<logger name="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol" level="WARN"/>
<logger name="org.apache.sshd.common.util.SecurityUtils" level="WARN"/>
<logger name="org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool" level="WARN"/>
<logger name="org.eclipse.jetty.util.component.AbstractLifeCycle" level="ERROR"/>
<logger name="org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.Version" level="WARN"/>
</included>
spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar!\org\springframework\boot\logging\logback\file-appender.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
File appender logback configuration provided for import, equivalent to the programmatic
initialization performed by Boot
-->
<included>
<appender name="FILE"
class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
<encoder>
<pattern>${FILE_LOG_PATTERN}</pattern>
</encoder>
<file>${LOG_FILE}</file>
<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedRollingPolicy">
<cleanHistoryOnStart>${LOG_FILE_CLEAN_HISTORY_ON_START:-false}</cleanHistoryOnStart>
<fileNamePattern>${ROLLING_FILE_NAME_PATTERN:-${LOG_FILE}.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.%i.gz}</fileNamePattern>
<maxFileSize>${LOG_FILE_MAX_SIZE:-10MB}</maxFileSize>
<maxHistory>${LOG_FILE_MAX_HISTORY:-7}</maxHistory>
<totalSizeCap>${LOG_FILE_TOTAL_SIZE_CAP:-0}</totalSizeCap>
</rollingPolicy>
</appender>
</included>
spring-boot-2.3.0.RELEASE.jar!\org\springframework\boot\logging\logback\console-appender.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
Console appender logback configuration provided for import, equivalent to the programmatic
initialization performed by Boot
-->
<included>
<appender name="CONSOLE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<encoder>
<!-- 在defaults.xml中定义好了 -->
<pattern>${CONSOLE_LOG_PATTERN}</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>
</included>
可以看到不同包下规定的日志级别，输出的格式。
在配置文件中自定义的配置，都保存在了 org.springframework.boot.context.logging.LoggingApplicationListener，而这个类与 org.springframework.boot.logging.LoggingSystemProperties 绑定在一起，LoggingApplicationListener 获取的属性会被封装到 LoggingSystemProperties。
